Author Guidelines
Authors are invited to make a submission to this journal. All submissions will be assessed by an editor to determine whether they meet the aims and scope of this journal. Those considered to be a good fit will be sent for peer review before determining whether they will be accepted or rejected.
Before making a submission, authors are responsible for obtaining permission to publish any material included with the submission, such as photos, documents and datasets. All authors identified on the submission must consent to be identified as an author. Where appropriate, research should be approved by an appropriate ethics committee in accordance with the legal requirements of the study's country.
An editor may desk reject a submission if it does not meet minimum standards of quality. Before submitting, please ensure that the study design and research argument are structured and articulated properly. The title should be concise and the abstract should be able to stand on its own. This will increase the likelihood of reviewers agreeing to review the paper. When you're satisfied that your submission meets this standard, please follow the checklist below to prepare your submission.
Title Page
The Title Page should include the authors' full names and affiliations, the name of the corresponding author along with phone and E-mail information.
Title
The title should be concise and informative. Avoid abbreviations and formulae. The Title should be a brief phrase describing the contents of the paper.
Author’s Names and Affiliations
The first name and Last name should be clearly written. Present the authors' affiliation addresses below the names. Provide the full postal address of each affiliation, including the country name, the e-mail address, and telephone number (with country and area code) of each author.
Abstract
A concise and factual abstract is required (maximum length of 250 words). Briefly present the topic, the purpose of the research, the scope of the research, indicate significant data, the important results and major conclusions. The abstract should be complete in itself in absence of the full article. References should be avoided, however, if necessary, they must be cited in full, without reference to the reference list. Complete sentences, active verbs, and the third person should be used, and the abstract should be written in the past tense. Standard organization should be used and abbreviations should be avoided.
Keywords
Immediately after the abstract, list a maximum of 8 keywords. Avoid general and plural terms and multiple concepts. Avoid abbreviations and acronyms: only abbreviations and acronyms well established in the field may be eligible.
Subdivisions of the Article
The article should be divided into clearly defined and numbered sections. Subsections should be numbered 1., 2., (then 1.1, 1.1.1, 1.1.2), 1.2, etc. The abstract is not included in section numbering. Write in brief with clarity.
1. Introduction
The Introduction should provide a clear statement of the problem, the relevant literature on the subject, and the proposed approach or solution. It should be within the broad range of scientific disciplines. The information and methods should be complete enough to allow the research to be reproduced. Previous researches should be cited, and the importance of the current study should be mentioned briefly. Subheadings may be used.
- Research Methods
The method section addresses the issues of: choice of research design(s), data collection and data analysis methods used in the study. It discusses research design, subject selection, data collection instruments, outcome measures, conditions of testing, treatments and data analyses. It encompasses methodological activities that were undertaken.
- Analysis Result
Results should be presented with clarity and precision. The results should be written in the past tense when describing findings in the authors' research. Results should be explained, but largely without referring to the literature.
- Discussion
Discussion, speculation and detailed interpretation of data should be put into the Discussion section. The Discussion should interpret the findings in view of the results obtained in this and in past studies on this topic. Previously published findings should be written in the present tense.
NB: The Results and Discussion sections can include subheadings, and when appropriate, both sections can be combined.
- Conclusions
State the conclusions in a few sentences at the end of the paper. The conclusion should provide answers or solutions to the questions or problems raised in the introduction. The argumentation of the study should be summarized briefly, and the writer’s main argument/ findings restated clearly. Place the finding in the context of the study. The researcher should, elaborate on how the research findings and results will contribute to the field in general and what sort of broader implications they may have. The limitations of the findings should be highlighted.
- Recommendations
Suggest course of action based on conclusions in the study.
- References
References: Use American Psychological Association (APA) style Manual (the latest edition).
Details
The description of the findings and research procedures should be given in sufficient detail for others to verify the work. The length of a full paper should be the minimum required to describe and interpret the work clearly.
Review Process
All manuscripts are reviewed by an editor and members of the Editorial Board and experienced peer reviewers drawn from universities and research based organizations. The reviewers’ comments will be communicated to the authors within one months from the date of acknowledging receipt of paper. It is the goal of the publisher to publish manuscripts within the shortest time possible after submission.
Articles Submission
Submission of a manuscript implies: that the work described has not been published before that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere; that if and when the manuscript is accepted for publication, the authors agree to automatic transfer of the copyright to the publisher.
Article Processing and Publishing Charges
The charges for publishing in the journal are determined as per the journal issue. Current charges are US$120, or Ksh 12000/= subject to change and communication made to concerned author(s).
Language
Write the text in good English (British usage). Only manuscripts in English language will be accepted.
Length of paper
3000-8000 words
General Guidelines
Use the following guidelines for whole text, including abstract, keywords, heading and references. All sections of the manuscript must be typed as follows:
Font: Title size 12 (the rest size 10), type Times New Roman, line spacing 1.0, and all pages numbered starting from the title page. Tables should be kept to a minimum and be designed to be as simple as possible. Tables are to be typed 1.0 spaced throughout, including headings. Each table should be numbered consecutively in Arabic numerals and supplied with a heading and a legend where applicable. Tables should be self-explanatory without reference to the text. The same data should not be presented in both table and graph form or repeated in the text. Figure legends should be typed in numerical order. Graphics should be prepared using Microsoft Word manuscript file. Tables should be prepared in Microsoft Word. Use Arabic numerals to designate figures and upper case letters for their parts (Fig 1). Begin each legend with a title and include sufficient description so that the figure is understandable without reading the text of the manuscript. Information given in legends should not be repeated in the text. Use the system devised by the American Psychological Association (APA style). Avoid using footnotes
Referencing
Responsibility for the accuracy of reference citations lies entirely with the authors.
Ensure that every reference cited in the text is also present in the reference list (and vice versa). Avoid citation in the abstract. Citations in the text should follow the referencing style used by the American Psychological Association. You can refer to the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, the latest edition (that is, the sixth edition). References should be arranged first alphabetically and then further sorted chronologically if necessary. More than one reference from the same author(s) in the same year must be identified by the letters "a", "b", "c", etc., placed after the year of publication.
